Techno-Economic and Environmental Study of Optimum Hybrid Renewable Systems, including PV/Wind/Gen/Battery, with Various Components to Find the Best Renewable Combination for Ponorogo Regency, East Java, Indonesia

Nowadays, hybrid renewable systems can be the best solution for meeting electricity demand, especially where grid extension and environmental issues are important. This study aimed to find combination of typical components used in East Java, Indonesia. In this regard, four types photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines, two batteries were selected, HOMER software simulated all possible combinations systems, including 32 scenarios (Sen). Then, considering most important 15 parameters, such as pollutant emissions economic values, results analyzed sorted by multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) method scenario case-study region. The showed that SunPower E20-327 PV, Eocycle EO10 10 kW turbine, Generic 1 kWh Li-Ion battery could selection design a system region since it fulfill both needs. cost energy (COE) best-designed net present (NPC) 0.24 ($/kWh) 1.64 million $, respectively, fraction (RF) is 55.1% scaled annual average load 1126 kWh/day. sensitivity analysis on scenario’s parameters (where capital battery, turbine changes from 0.6 1.2, 0.7 1.4 current price, diesel price 0.5 1.1 ($/L)) RF, COE, NPC values ranged between 51% 93%, 0.2 0.3 ($/kWh), 2.1 (million $), respectively.